What are the three components of Henry Clay's American System?

• A. Protective tariffs, a national bank, and federally funded internal improvements
• B. Free trade, a private banking system, and no government-funded projects
• C. Gold standard, expansion of immigration, and military roads
• D. Low tariffs, a strong fleet, and state-funded projects

Answer: (A)

The main idea being tested is how Henry Clay aimed to knit the United States together economically after the War of 1812 through three policy pillars. First, tariffs to protect and nurture American industry by making imported goods more expensive and encouraging domestic production. Second, a national bank to provide a stable currency and a reliable system of credit across states, which helps businesses plan and invest. Third, federally funded internal improvements, like roads and canals, to connect regional markets and lower transportation costs.

Together, these components were meant to promote manufacturing, unify the national market, and fuel growth across the country. The option that matches this combination reflects protective tariffs, a national bank, and federally funded internal improvements.

Choices that push free trade, private banking without federal cohesion, or reject federal infrastructure funding don’t align with Clay’s plan, which centers on strengthening the national economy through federal action to protect industries, stabilize finance, and improve transportation.